Calendar.



No. 884,861. PATENTED APR. 14, 1908.

- G. E. ROWE.

CALENDAR.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 1..

NEW STYLE THE NORRIS PETERS co.. WASHINGTON, u. c.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED APR. 14, 1908.

0. E. ROWE; GALENDAR.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 7, 1907- 1:15 NORRIS PETERS ca, WASHINGTON, n. c.

'No. 884 861;, PA G. B ROWE. TENTED APR 14, 1908 CALENDAR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7. 1907.

v 3 SHEETS SHEET 3.

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CHARLES E. ROWE, OF AUSTIN, TEXAS.

CALENDAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 14, 1908.

Application filed June 7, 1907. Serial No. 377,809.

To all whom it may concern:

Be, it known that I, CHARLES E. Rown, a citizen of the United States,residing at Austin, in the county of Travis and State of Texas, have invented new and useful Imrovements in Calendars, of which the folowing is a specification.

This invention relates to calendars of that type known as perpetual, the object of the invention being to provide an article of this character which can be easily and inexpensively made and which is susceptible of ready operation. The calendar is attractive in appearance and it subserves the functions of the ordinary calendar for current times by giving various lengths of months in tabular order, in conjunction with seven week days commencing preferably with Sunday, while it can be used for difierent centuries without confusion. The calendar is not burdened with directions and notes and it is of such character that the probability of making errors or mistakes in setting it is wholly avoided.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification I show in detail certain forms of embodiment of the invention and these will be set forth fully in the following description, to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention.

Referring to said drawings: Figure 1 is a front elevation of one form of calendar in volving my invention. Fig. 2 is a face view of a movable member bearing month symbols and month-day numerals. Fig. 3 illustrates a table of century figures and factors. Fig. 4 is a vertical central section of the lower portion of the calendar represented by Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a modified form of calendar. Fig. 6 is a view corresponding with Fig. 2 of a member to constitute part of the form of calendar shown in said figure, and bearing month symbols and month-day numerals, such symbols and numerals, however, being arranged difi'erently from the arrangement shown in said Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail showing a modification of the device illustrated in Fig. 6. Figs. 8 and 9 are further modifications of a member bearing month symbols and month-day numerals. Fig. 10 is a front elevation of a portion of a modified form of calendar equipped with a member such as shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a further modification.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

The calendar involves in its make-up a front member as 2 which is usually stationary with respect to a movable member as 3, which latter is preferably made in the form of a disk movably connected with the front member 2 in any desirable way, for example, by means of the eyelet 4. The movable member 3 which carries the month symbols and month-day numerals may be of any desirable shape, although it is ordinarily made in circular or disk form. The front or sheet 2 and the movable member or disk 3 may be made from any suitable material, such as cardboard, paper, or metal might be utilized for such purposes. The external shape of the member 2 is of no consequence. I prefer, however, to relate the parts 2 and 3 in such a way, and as clearly shown in Fig. 1, as to permit the manipulation of said part or disk 3 relative to the front or sheet 2 for the purpose of changing the dates. two members 2 and 3, there may be a third member as 5 made in the form of a backing sheet fastenedas by devices 6, to the front sheet. The disk 3 rotates between the front and back sheets 2 and 5, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4.

The front sheet 2 is represented as having an opening as 7 through the same, which is usually made in the form of a segmental slot and, although this slot may be located at any desirable place, it is represented as being located near the top of the sheet. In the present case the width of the slot 7 is equal or approximately e ual to the combinedwidth of seven radial co umns of month-day numerals 011 the disk 3, and I will hereinafter allude to these columns. The front or sheet 2 has a second opening as 8 also represented as a segmental slot through which the months or month symbols can be seen.

In connection with the opening or slot 7 I provide a row of week-day symbols, which row is illustrated as situated over the opening 7, and the various week-day symbols are adapted to aline with the respective columns of month-day numerals appearing through the opening 7. In connection with the opening 8 I have represented seven columns as 9 which contain the common years, .and a similar number of columns as 10 representing the leap years, the two series of columns of In addition to the figures being located respectively below and above the opening or slot 8 and being radial thereto. In the present case the years of the twentieth century are shown. The leapyear and common-year columns are numbered 1 to 7 respectively, such numbers 1 to 7 being arranged in rows. Under each of said rows or numbers including the ordinals 1 to 7 respectively, there is a second rowcomprising the numbers 8 to 13 inclusive, the purpose of which will be hereinafter made evident.

The disk 3 is represented as having thirtyeight radial columns of monthday numerals, each column being denoted by 1; the number of columns, however, as will hereinafter ap ear, may be varied. The numerals of the co umns are arranged in spiral rows crossing such columns. The series of month-day numerals begins at the radial line 11, and the numerals are arranged clockwise to the end of the series at the immediate right of said radial line 11, it being understood that radial lines separate the several columns of numerals. I have only alluded to one of these radial lines, and have done this simply for the purpose of showing the way the numerals are disposed upon the disk. It will be perceived that, reading clockwise and commencing at the radial line 11, the numeral appears twice, the numeral 31 twice, and the numeral 28- twice.

In addition to the month-day numerals the disk bears month symbols, and these are usually made by abbreviating the words of the months. These symbols are arranged in two concentric series, an outer series as 12 and an inner series as 13. Proceeding clockwise these circular rows of month symbols commence, for illustration, with April, followed by September, June, and November. When four of the outer month symbols aline with a corresponding number respectively of common year columns a correct monthly calendar of thirty days will be shown through the opening: 7. As the calendar appears in Fig. 1 it is arranged to show Nov. 1905 or Apr. 1914. For the thirty-day months of the various years the first sixteen radial columns 1 commencing with the line 11 and reading clockwise, will be employed, taken seven at a time. For the thirty-one day months the columns commencing with the eleventh and ending with the twenty-eighth are utilized. For February the columns from the twentyfifth to the thirty-seventh are employed. Thus for the common years thirty-seven radial columns of months are requisite, and it will be a parent that a proper length of month w' 1 be shown for any month of any common year. I deem it necessary to state that in the use of the calendar for common years the outer row 12 of month symbols is employed. The inner row 13 is employed for lea years. In said inner row it will be seen t atj January is found to occupy the same space as July, instead of October, and there is a distance of one more s ace between December and February. T e latter operates in connection with the last th'rteen of the thirty-eight radial columns 1. It is not necessary that the last of these radial columns or the one immediately to the right of the radial line 11 be adjacent to the first column immediately at the left of said radial line, for there may be any amount of space between the first and last columns. month symbols of the two rows 12 and 13 are disposed in staggered relation; that is to say, the plane of the'side line or margin of an in ner space would intersect the center of an outer space, and vice versa. It will'be seen that the columns 9 and 10 are out of radial alinement respectively so that, by virtue of the two features set forth, there can be no confusion in setting the calendar for leap and common years respectively. At one side of the several columns 9 I arrange the words Common years to indicate the purpose of said columns, and, for a similar purpose, arrange at one side of the columns 10 the words Leap years. A heading bearing the names of the days of the week or abbreviations thereof is arranged above the slot 7 on the sheet 2. I prefer to commence these head designation with the word Sunday or an abbreviation thereof. All the characters and symbols may be printed 'or made in any other desirable way on the calendar. I

With a disk such as 3 it will be easy to start, say, with the current month and find The which of the columns 9 that year must be placed in to show a proper calendar. Then, with the knowledge that the first of January is the next week day after December 31st of the preceding year, it is easy to place all the years of a century in the pro er columns. Since the first day of January of the year O0 of a century is, the next week day after December 31st of the year 99 of the preceding century, it is easy to determine how much the columns of the years must be shifted to make them apply for any other century. This shifting of the columns one at a time can be accomplished mentally by the assistance of the table shown in Fig. 3. A row 14. of factors is in connection with a table 15 of old style or Julian calendar century figures, and a table 16 of new style or Gregorian calendar century figures. The directions for finding the calendar for any month of any other century are first, find the factor for the century, second, find the number of the column in which the same year of 19 is found (or the century on face of calendar) then add the factor to the column number and turn the month to the column in which the sum is found in the rows 9 or 10; for example, find the calendar for Nov. 1809 new style. Over 1909 is in column 4 of those designated by 9. 4 plus 5 equals 9. Now bring Nov. to the co umn in which 9 of the rows of columns 9 is found. Care should be taken not to shift {from common to leap year with the sum, or vice versa, except in one instance. A note below the table of Fig. 3 states that the year 00 of certain centuries is a leap year. In this case the sum is to be taken in a leap year column. Any convenient method may be utilized to distinguish between the centuries which have the year O0 a leap year and those which do not, bold face' type and italics being respectively suitable for such purposes. The tables may be extended or curtailed as desired, since the century figures show an orderly arrangement. The same is true of the years in the columns 9 and 10 respectively. The table shown in Fig. 3 may be placed suitably on the calendar, for instance, on the back, so as to leave the front 'ree for advertising matter or to be ornamented to suit particular fancy.

The columns 9 and 10 can be compressed to half width each and placed alternately if desired, and the month symbols 12 and 13 can alternate in one row, and yet no calendar for a month can be obtained when one of the symbols in the row 12 is opposite the leap year or when one of the-symbols of the row 13 is opposite a common year column. It is therefore possible to combine the openings 7 and 8; the opening through which the month-day numerals and month-day symbols on the disk 3 can be seen being denoted by 17. Fundamentally I am doing the same thing, namely, alining month symbols as 18 with common-year columns as 19 and month symbols as 20 with leap-year columns as 21 appearing on the face sheet 22, indicated in Fig. 5. I print on the calendar shown in Fig. 5 under the respective columns 19 and 21 designations indicating the leap and common years which in the present case are the letters C and "L. It will be noted that under said columns 19 and 21 appear in another row the numbers 1 to 7 duplicated and, under those, the numbers 8 to 13 duplicated, and these numbers are the equivalents of the numbers appearing in connection with the columns 9 and 10 in Fig. 1, but they read from the right toward the left in said Fig. 5. The disk 23 shown in Fig. 6 shows the s aces 18 and 20 occu ied by the month symliiols compressed to half the width of the spaces occupied by the month symbols in Fig. 2, and said month symbols for the common and leap years of the disk 23 are placed in alternation. On the face sheet 22 I rule the columns of years with alternate light and heavy lines to assist the eye in holding a column. By virtue of the arrangement shown in Figs. 5 and 6 it will be impossible to aline the common or leap year month symbols with the wrong columns.

i mg already relation In Fig. 7 I- illustrate how some of the months (in this case all but January and February) may be printed in large type.

I have hereinbefore stated that there may be a large space between the first and last month-day series columns. In Fig. 8 I show a modified disk for use with a front exactly such as shown in Fig. 1 but with different proportions. As the length of February is easily remembered or well known, February may be left with other months. By so doing I am able to require only twenty-eight radial columns as 24 for the numerals of the days of the month, and the end columns, as shown in Fig. 8, are separated a distance equal to sixteen and one-half spaces, a space being then occupied by one of the month symbols 25. Therefore, without proportionately reducing the opening as 7 in the front 2 I can place the month symbols 25 and 26 (twenty-five havbeen referred to) between the ends of the uxtaposed columns 24. The ad vantage of this is larger month spaces and wider year columns, and the centering of the disk 27 bearing the columns 24 and symbols 25 and 26 does not have to be so accurately accomplished.

Fig. 9 represents a further modified form of disk, the same being denoted by 28. In this disk the month symbols are arranged in an outer annular row 29 and an inner annular row 30, the symbols 29 being for common years and those 30 for leap years. I have separated the "February for leap years far enough from the February for common years to give absolutely the correct length of month in the opening 7 in the front sheet 2. The month-day columns 31 begin and end at the radial line 32, and the month-s aces commence with February and run 0 ockwise to November. In Fig. 10 I have shown the columns of years, and such columns are designated respectively by 33 and 34 to cooperate with the disk 28.

I do not claim a particular set of figures on the disk or front because, as indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10, many sets of figures can be designed according to my invention.

In Fig. 11 I show a modification wherein the disposition of printed matter is reversed. It is unnecessary to describe this figure in this it will be clear from what has been I might allude briefly to the fact, that the days of the month are obstated. however,

servable through a slot or notch as 36 appearing on the disk 37 and .the latter having month symbols readable through the slot or opening 38 in the front sheet 39.

What I claim is:

1. A calendar having a sheet and a member movably connected therewith, said sheet having separate columns of leap and common years respectively, and the movable member having month-day numerals arranged in columns and also having month symbols, the

latter being for lea spectively, and sai sheet being in front of said member and slotted to exhibit the month symbols and month-day numerals on said member, said sheet having symbols indicating the days of the week and cooperative with the month-day numerals.

2. A calendar having a sheet and a disk disposed behind said sheet, the two parts being movably connected together, said sheet having se arate columns of leap and common years, ancFthe disk having month-day numerals arranged in radial columns, and also having month symbols arranged in annular rows, said sheet being slotted to exhibit the month symbols and simultaneously the month-day numerals, and said sheet having symbols indicating the days of the week and arranged to register with the respective month-day columns.

3. A calendar havinga front sheet and a disk located behind and movably connected together, the front sheet having separate columns of leap and common years, and the disk bearing columns of numerals and also having annularly-arranged month symbols, the month symbols for leap and common years being separate and distinct, and the front being slotted to simultaneously exhibit the month symbols and month-day numerals,

and common years re-' and the slotted portion having associated therewith symbols to indicate the days of the week.

4. A calendar having a slotted sheet and a member movably connected therewith, the sheet having separate columns for leap and commonyears respectively, the columns of the common years bein' out of alinement with the columns of the leap years, and the movable member having month indications to register with the respective year columns.

5. A calendar having a slotted sheet provided with common and leap year designations arranged in alternatingcolumns, and a movable member disposed behind and connected with said sheet, said movable member bearing month symbols adapted to register with the respective common and leap year columns for showing monthly calendars and being provided with month-day numerals and said sheet having symbols for the days of the week cooperative with said month-day numerals.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES E. ROWE. Witnesses:

MORGAN CALLAWAY, Jr., A. P. NORTON. 

